valve-in-the-head motor

- dope the motor

- motor benzol

- motor-borne

- motor braking

- motor bus lines

- motor cab

- motor car

- motor-car set

- motor depot

- motor drawn

- motor drive

- motor-driven

- motor driven air compressor

- motor engine

- motor fire-engine

- motor fuel

- motor fuel constituent

- motor grader

- motor-home

- motor industry

- motor-lift plow

- motor lorry

- motor-lorry workshop

- motor-mounted bicycle

- motor mower

- motor water car

- motor-way

- actuating motor

- adjustable-speed motor

- asynchronous motor

- brake motor

- canned motor

- geared-down motor

- hoisting motor

- hydraulic motor

- hysteresis motor

1) клапан; вентиль

2) задвижка; затвор

3) (гидротехнический) затвор

4) кран

5) мн. ч. вентильная арматура

6) гидро- или пневмораспределитель

7) гидро- или пневмоаппарат

8) электронная лампа; электронный прибор

9) электровакуумный прибор

10) тлв световой клапан, световой затвор

1) Ventil, das

2) (Anat., Zool.) Klappe, die

* * *

1) (a device for allowing a liquid or gas to pass through an opening in one direction only.) das Ventil

2) (a structure with the same effect in an animal body: Valves in the heart control the flow of blood in the human body.) die Klappe

3) (a type of electronic component found in many, especially older, types of television, radio etc.) die Röhre

* * *

1. (control device) Ventil nt

shut-down/shut-off \valve Schließ-/Sperrventil nt

2. (body part) Klappe f

heart \valve Herzklappe f

3. (wind instrument part) Ventil nt

4. COMPUT Ventil nt

* * *

n (ANAT)

* * *

valve [vælv]

A s

1. TECH Ventil n:

valve gear Ventilsteuerung f;

valve-in-head engine AUTO US kopfgesteuerter Motor;

valve spring Ventilfeder f;

2. ANAT (Herz- etc) Klappe f

3. MUS Ventil n (eines Blechinstruments)

4. ZOOL (Muschel) Klappe f

5. BOT einer Fruchtkapsel:

a) Klappe f

b) Kammer f

6. ELEK Br (Radio- etc) Röhre f:

valve amplifier Röhrenverstärker m

7. TECH Schleusentor n

8. obs Türflügel m

B v/t mit Ventilen versehen

* * *

1) Ventil, das

2) (Anat., Zool.) Klappe, die

* * *

Elektronenröhre f. (radio) n.

Radioröhre f. n.

Ventil -e n.

rare <mvhcl.mot> (four-stroke engine with the poppet valves in the cylinder head) ■ obengesteuerter Motor m ; kopfgesteuerter Motor m ; OHV-Motor m prakt

<mvhcl.mot> (four-stroke engine with the poppet valves in the cylinder head) ■ obengesteuerter Motor m ; kopfgesteuerter Motor m ; OHV-Motor m prakt

- engine accessories

- engine balance

- engine base

- engine bay

- engine bearer

- engine bed

- engine behavior

- engine block

- engine block heater

- engine bracket

- engine brake

- engine braking

- engine braking effect

- engine case

- engine casing

- engine clutch

- engine clutch housing

- engine compartment

- engine compartment lamp

- engine controls

- engine cooler

- engine cowling

- engine cradle

- engine cranking

- engine cross-drive

- engine displacement

- engine drive

- engine-driven

- engine-driven compressor

- engine-driven industrial truck

- engine is dead

- engine is running rough

- engine mount damper

- engine mount system

- engine support cushion

- engine suspension

- engine test bed

- engine test rig

- adiabatic engine

- agricultural engine

- agricultural traction engine

- air engine

- air-cell diesel engine

- air chamber diesel engine

- air-cooled engine

- air-cooled flat twin engine

- aircraft engine

- air injection engine

- airless-injection Diesel engine

- alcohol engine

- aluminium engine

- antechamber compression ignition engine

- Armstrong-Whitworth variable compression knocktesting engine

- arrow engine

- aspitare engine

- automobile engine

- automomotive engine

- axial engine

- B-type engine

- balance shaft engine

- bare engine

- barrel engine

- barring engine

- basic engine

- beam engine

- binary vapour engine

- blast engine

- blast furnace gas engine

- blowing engine

- blown engine

- broad-arrow engine

- build up an engine

- bus engine

- capstane engine

- carburetor engine

- charcoal-burning engine

- coal-dust engine

- coke-oven gas engine

- cold engine

- cold-starting engine

- cold-starting heavy-oil engine

- combustion engine

- compound engine

- compression ignition engine

- condensating engine

- constant-duty engine

- counterbalanced engine

- coupled engines

- cowled engine

- crosshead engine

- crosswise engine

- dead engine

- derated engine

- differential engine

- direct-drive engine

- donkey engine

- door engine

- double-acting engine

- double-acting rotary engine

- double-acting steam engine

- double-bank radial engine

- double-cylinder engine

- double-expansion engine

- double-piston engine

- double-pistontype engine

- double-row engine

- double-V engine

- dredge engine

- dry sump engine

- dual-fuel engine

- eight-cylinder engine

- experimental engine

- hot

- start up the engine in gear

- swirl-chamber diesel engine

- switch engine

SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace, Steam and internal combustion engines

[br]

[br]

[br]

Harry Ricardo was the eldest child and only son of Halsey Ricardo (architect) and Catherine Rendel (daughter of Alexander Rendel, senior partner in the firm of consulting civil engineers that later became Rendel, Palmer and Tritton). He was educated at Rugby School and at Cambridge. While still at school, he designed and made a steam engine to drive his bicycle, and by the time he went up to Cambridge in 1903 he was a skilled craftsman. At Cambridge, he made a motor cycle powered by a petrol engine of his own design, and with this he won a fuel-consumption competition by covering almost 40 miles (64 km) on a quart (1.14 1) of petrol. This brought him to the attention of Professor Bertram Hopkinson, who invited him to help with research on turbulence and pre-ignition in internal combustion engines. After leaving Cambridge in 1907, he joined his grandfather's firm and became head of the design department for mechanical equipment used in civil engineering. In 1916 he was asked to help with the problem of loading tanks on to railway trucks. He was then given the task of designing and organizing the manufacture of engines for tanks, and the success of this enterprise encouraged him to set up his own establishment at Shoreham, devoted to research on, and design and development of, internal combustion engines.

Leading on from the work with Hopkinson were his discoveries on the suppression of detonation in spark-ignition engines. He noted that the current paraffinic fuels were more prone to detonation than the aromatics, which were being discarded as they did not comply with the existing specifications because of their high specific gravity. He introduced the concepts of "highest useful compression ratio" (HUCR) and "toluene number" for fuel samples burned in a special variable compression-ratio engine. The toluene number was the proportion of toluene in heptane that gave the same HUCR as the fuel sample. Later, toluene was superseded by iso-octane to give the now familiar octane rating. He went on to improve the combustion in side-valve engines by increasing turbulence, shortening the flame path and minimizing the clearance between piston and head by concentrating the combustion space over the valves. By these means, the compression ratio could be increased to that used by overhead-valve engines before detonation intervened. The very hot poppet valve restricted the advancement of all internal combustion engines, so he turned his attention to eliminating it by use of the single sleeve-valve, this being developed with support from the Air Ministry. By the end of the Second World War some 130,000 such aero-engines had been built by Bristol, Napier and Rolls-Royce before the piston aero-engine was superseded by the gas turbine of Whittle. He even contributed to the success of the latter by developing a fuel control system for it.

Concurrent with this was work on the diesel engine. He designed and developed the engine that halved the fuel consumption of London buses. He invented and perfected the "Comet" series of combustion chambers for diesel engines, and the Company was consulted by the vast majority of international internal combustion engine manufacturers. He published and lectured widely and fully deserved his many honours; he was elected FRS in 1929, was President of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers in 1944–5 and was knighted in 1948. This shy and modest, though very determined man was highly regarded by all who came into contact with him. It was said that research into internal combustion engines, his family and boats constituted all that he would wish from life.

[br]

- hydraulic actuator

- hydraulic admixture

- hydraulic automatic clutch release

- hydraulic advancer

- hydraulic advancing cylinder

- hydraulic aggregate

- hydraulic and pneumatic lift

- hydraulic booster

- hydraulic brake

- hydraulic-brake filler

- hydraulic brake with vacuum power

- hydraulic breaker

- hydraulic capsule

- hydraulic cartrige

- hydraulic clutch

- hydraulic control

- hydraulic conveyer

- hydraulic coupling

- hydraulic cylinder

- hydraulic depth control

- hydraulic draw-bar control

- hydraulic drive

- hydraulic dynamometer

- hydraulic elevator

- hydraulic excavation

- hydraulic foot brake

- hydraulic gear

- hydraulic hammer

- hydraulic height control

- hydraulic hoist

- hydraulic implement control system

- hydraulic pressure head

- hydraulic pressure pump

- hydraulic shock absorber

- hydraulic shut-off

- hydraulic tank breaker relief valve

- hydraulic test

- hydraulic torque converter

- hydraulic torquemeter

1)

2)

* * *

* * *

I. n

[ˈəʊvəhed, AM ˈoʊvɚ-]

1. (running costs of business)

▪ \overheads pl BRIT, AUS

▪ \overhead AM laufende Geschäftskosten, allgemeine Unkosten; (not chargeable to a particular product) indirekte Kosten

2. ( fam: projector) Overheadprojektor m, SCHWEIZ meist Hellraumprojektor m; (transparency) Folie f

3. (extra code) Zusatzcode m

II. adj

[ˈəʊvəhed, AM ˈoʊvɚ-]

1. (above head level) Hoch-

\overhead tank Hochbehälter m; ELEC oberirdisch

\overhead cable Freileitung f, Luftkabel nt; (between towns) Überlandleitung f; (with high voltage) Hochspannungsleitung f

2. (of running costs of business) laufend

\overhead costs [or expenses] laufende Geschäftskosten, allgemeine Unkosten; (not chargeable to a particular product) indirekte Kosten

3. (taken from above) von oben nach n

\overhead shot Aufnahme f von oben

4. SPORT Überkopf-

III. adv

[ˌəʊvəˈhed, AM ˌoʊvɚˈ-]

in der Luft

a plane circled \overhead ein Flugzeug kreiste über uns

* * *

1. adv

2. adj

1. adj

2. n (US)

* * *

overhead

A adv [ˌ-ˈhed]

1. (dr)oben:

the stars overhead die Sterne droben;

there is an artist living overhead oben oder (im Stockwerk) darüber wohnt ein Künstler;

“works overhead” „Vorsicht, Dacharbeiten!“

2. TECH ( auch von) oben:

B adj [ˈ-hed]

1. overhead aerial (bes US antenna) ELEK Freileitungskabel n;

overhead line ELEK Frei-, Oberleitung f;

overhead projector Overhead-, Tageslichtprojektor m;

overhead railway Br Hochbahn f;

overhead transparency Folie f

2. AUTO

a) overhead valve hängendes oder oben gesteuertes Ventil;

overhead-valve engine oben gesteuerter Motor

b) overhead camshaft oben liegende Nockenwelle

3. overhead costs ( oder expenses) → C 1

4. SPORT Überkopf…:

overhead stroke → C 2;

overhead kick (Fußball) (Fall)Rückzieher m

C s [ˈ-hed]

1. WIRTSCH Br meist pl Gemeinkosten pl

2. besonders Tennis: Überkopfball m

* * *

1)

2)

1) = gear a windmill to a generator

2) насос; помпа; накачивание; нагнетание; выкачивание; откачивание (процесс действия насоса); II качать насосом; нагнетать; работать насосом; закачивать (воздух и пр.); накачивать (шины и пр.); откачивать; выкачивать; опорожнять

- pump-accumulator

- pump aeration

- pump amplitude

- pump-and-compressor equipment

- pump and injector unit

- pump and injector unit body

- pump and injector unit control rack

- pump assembly

- pump barrel

- pump barret element

- pump capacity

- pump capacity deviation

- pump case

- pump casing

- pump chamber

- pump circuit

- pump cooling

- pump cover

- pump cup

- pump cup leather

- pump delivery

- pump delivery rate

- pump dredge

- pump drive

- pump duration

- pump flow regulator

- pump fluid

- pump impeller

- pump-in pressure

- pump-injector unit

- pump ink feed

- pump piston

- pump plant

- pump shock absorber

- pump slip

- acceleration pump

- acid pump

- air pump

- air barrel pump

- air-chamber pump

- air pump

- airlift pump

- automated cement-handling air pump

- axial pump

- ball pump

- barrel pump

- bellows pump

- blowdown pump

- boost pump

- booster pump

- booster vacuum pump

- boring pump

- breast pump

- bucket pump

- bull pump

- camshaft fuel injection pump

- camshaftless pump

- centrifugal pump

- centrifugal pump with open impeller

- circulating pump

- chamber pump

- charging pump

- chemical proportioning pump

- circulating pump

- cold pump

- combined pump

- compounded pumps

- compressed-air-driven pump

- compressing pump

- compression pump

- concrete pump

- condensate pump

- constant displacement pump

- constant flow pump

- cradle-mounted pump

- crank pump

- crude pump

- delivery pump

- diaphragm pump

- diesel pump

- diesel fuel injection pump

- differential piston pump

- diffuser pump

- diffusion pump

- diffusion-ejector pump

- direct acting pump

- drum pump

- dry-sealed vacuum pump

- duplex pump

- ejector pump

- electric pump

- electric driven pump

- electric fuel pump

- electrical pump

- feed pump

- feeding pump

- fire pump

- fire extinguishing pump

- forcing pump

- four-stage pump

- fuel pump

- fuel boost pump

- fuel injection pump

- fuel lift pump

- fuel transfer pump

- gas pump

- gas ballast vacuum pump

- gasoline pump

- gasoline curb pump

- gear pump

- gear rotary pump

- getter vacuum pump

- glandless pump

- gravel pump

- grease pump

- hand pump

- hand pump for checking and calibrating diesel engine injectors

- hoist pump

- horizontal pump

- hose-type pump

- hydraulic pump

- immerse a pump in water

- inclined Archimedean screw pump

- inclined rotor pump

- influx pump

- injection pump

- integral pump

- jerk pump

- jet pump

- jet kinetic pump

- lift pump

- lined pump

- level operated grease pump

- lubricant pump

- lubricating pump

- metering pump

- milk pump

- multistage pump

- oil pump

- oil booster pump

- oil-immersed pump

- petrol pump

- piston pump

- piston-type pump

- piston pump with cam drive

- plug-in pump

- plunger pump

- pneumatic pump

- pneumatic tyre pump

- power pump

- power pump

- power-driven pump

- pressure pump

- pressure boosting pump

- priming pump

- propeller pump

- proportioning pump

- single-entry pump

- single-plunger pump

- overhead way machine